The population reached nearly 8,600
Between the last two censuses (held in 2011 and 2021), the population of the City of London increased by 16.4%, from around 7,400 in 2011 to around 8,600 in 2021.
This means the City of London's population saw the third-largest percentage increase in London, behind Tower Hamlets (where the population increased by 22.1%) and Barking and Dagenham (17.7%). The population of London increased by 7.7%, while the population of England rose by 6.6%.
In 2021, the City of London was home to around 21.2 people per football pitch-sized piece of land, compared with 18.2 in 2011. This area was among the top 25% most densely populated English local authority areas at the last census.
This article generally uses percentages to enable comparisons over time and between areas. The percentage point change is also used to show the difference between the 2011 and 2021 percentages.
Measures for areas with small populations, such as the City of London, may be less robust than larger local authorities.
Population growth was higher in the City of London than across London
Percentage population change, City of London and surrounding areas, 2011 Census to Census 2021
England ▲6.6% London ▲7.7% City of London ▲16.4%| -2 | -0.5 | 0.5 | +2 | +8 | +16% |
Save as image (PNG <200KB) | Download the data (CSV <100KB) |
Median age decreased
Between the last two censuses, the average (median) age of the City of London decreased by two years, from 39 to 37 years of age.
This area had a higher average (median) age than London as a whole in 2021 (35 years) but a lower average (median) age than England (40 years).
The median age is the age of the person in the middle of the group, meaning that one half of the group is younger than that person and the other half is older.
The number of people aged 25 to 34 years rose by just under 450 (an increase of 24.6%), while the number of residents aged 4 years and under fell by fewer than 50 (9.3% decrease).
The share of residents aged between 25 and 34 years increased by 1.7 percentage points between 2011 and 2021
Percentage of usual residents
by age group,
| 85 years and over | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 1.6%
1.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75 to 84 years | 4.5 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 4.5%
4.3% |
| 65 to 74 years | 8.0 | 8.3 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 8.0%
8.3% |
| 50 to 64 years | 19.1 | 18.8 | 14.4 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 19.4 | 19.1%
18.8% |
| 35 to 49 years | 24.7 | 21.2 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 21.3 | 19.4 | 24.7%
21.2% |
| 25 to 34 years | 24.1 | 25.8 | 19.9 | 18.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 24.1%
25.8% |
| 20 to 24 years | 7.4 | 11.2 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 7.4%
11.2% |
| 16 to 19 years | 2.2 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 2.2%
2.2% |
| 10 to 15 years | 2.7 | 2.4 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 2.7%
2.4% |
| 5 to 9 years | 2.5 | 1.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 2.5%
1.9% |
| 4 years and under | 3.2 | 2.5 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 3.2%
2.5% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Unemployment in the City of London
The City of London saw England's largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were unemployed (from 2.8% in 2011 to 3.5% in 2021).
Crawley saw the country's next largest increase in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were unemployed (from 4.1% in 2011 to 4.4% in 2021).
Census 2021 took place during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a period of rapid and unparalleled change; the national lockdown, associated guidance and furlough measures will have affected the labour market and our ability to measure it.
The percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were unemployed (excluding full-time students) in the City of London increased by 0.7 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by economic activity status,
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): In employment | 69.3 | 65.9 | 58.6 | 59.4 | 56.5 | 55.7 | 69.3%
65.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): Unemployed | 2.8 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 2.8%
3.5% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: In employment | 1.6 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.6%
1.0% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: Unemployed | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6%
0.6% |
| Economically inactive: Retired | 14.4 | 12.4 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 14.4%
12.4% |
| Economically inactive: Student | 5.4 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.4%
9.0% |
| Economically inactive: Looking after home or family | 2.3 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 2.3%
2.4% |
| Economically inactive: Long-term sick or disabled | 1.8 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 1.8%
1.5% |
| Economically inactive: Other | 1.9 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 1.9%
3.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Fewer adults working long hours
The City of London saw London's third-largest percentage-point fall in the proportion of people aged 16 years and over and in employment who said they usually worked over 49 hours per week (from 38.0% in 2011 to 31.9% in 2021).
Across the region, only Kensington and Chelsea (from 34.9% to 26.9%) and Westminster (from 31.1% to 24.8%) saw a greater decrease in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over and in employment who said they usually worked over 49 hours per week.
Despite the decrease, the City of London was in the highest 1% of English local authority areas for the share of people aged 16 years and over and in employment who said they usually worked over 49 hours per week in 2021.
Working hours may have been affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
The percentage of adults in employment who worked 49 hours or more in the City of London decreased by 6.2 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over and in employment
by the number of hours worked per week,
| 15 hours or less worked | 5.5 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 5.5%
7.2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 to 30 hours worked | 9.0 | 9.3 | 17.0 | 17.4 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 9.0%
9.3% |
| 31 to 48 hours worked | 47.4 | 51.6 | 58.4 | 58.6 | 57.5 | 59.1 | 47.4%
51.6% |
| 49 or more hours worked | 38.0 | 31.9 | 15.9 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 38.0%
31.9% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
More couples without children
The City of London saw England's third-largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of households including a couple but no children (from 19.7% in 2011 to 22.8% in 2021).
England's largest increases in the percentage of households including a couple but no children occurred in Waltham Forest (from 11.4% to 14.8%) followed by Newham (from 8.5% to 11.9%).
During this period, the City of London overtook 110 local authority areas, including East Riding of Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire, to become the English local authority area with the second-highest percentage of households including a couple without children.
The percentage of households including a couple without children in the City of London increased by 3.1 percentage points
Percentage of households
by household composition,
| One-person household: Aged 66 years and over (Aged 65 years and over in 2011) | 12.0 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 12.0%
10.0% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One-person household: Other | 44.4 | 40.9 | 22.0 | 20.1 | 17.9 | 17.3 | 44.4%
40.9% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: No children | 19.7 | 22.8 | 13.8 | 14.2 | 17.6 | 16.8 | 19.7%
22.8% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: With dependent children | 7.0 | 6.3 | 17.8 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 7.0%
6.3% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: All children non-dependent | 1.4 | 1.6 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 1.4%
1.6% |
| Single-family household: Lone-parent household | 3.5 | 3.6 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 3.5%
3.6% |
| Other household types | 12.0 | 14.7 | 19.1 | 18.7 | 16.1 | 16.9 | 12.0%
14.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
National identity in the City of London
The City of London saw England's largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK (from 25.4% in 2011 to 33.1% in 2021).
Leicester (from 17.2% to 24.1%) and Boston (from 14.0% to 20.9%) saw the country's next largest increases in the percentage of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK.
During this period, the City of London overtook 10 local authority areas, including Brent and Camden, to become the English local authority area with the highest percentage of people who did not identify with at least one UK national identity.
In Census 2021, “British” was moved to the top response option and this may have influenced how people described their national identity. For further information, please see our quality report.
The percentage of people who did not identify with at least one UK national identity in the City of London increased by 7.8 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents
by national identity,
| British only identity | 25.8 | 43.2 | 30.9 | 56.9 | 19.2 | 56.8 | 25.8%
43.2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welsh only identity | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9%
0.4% |
| Welsh and British only identity | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2%
0.2% |
| English only identity | 34.8 | 6.4 | 37.1 | 8.2 | 60.4 | 15.3 | 34.8%
6.4% |
| English and British only identity | 6.7 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 9.1 | 14.3 | 6.7%
7.2% |
| Any other combination of only UK identities | 2.9 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 2.9%
1.6% |
| Non-UK identity only | 25.4 | 33.1 | 22.4 | 22.5 | 8.2 | 10.0 | 25.4%
33.1% |
| UK identity and non-UK identity | 3.3 | 7.9 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 3.3%
7.9% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Rise in private renting
The City of London saw England's largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of privately-rented homes (from 35.9% in 2011 to 48.3% in 2021).
Watford saw the country's next largest increase in the percentage of privately-rented homes (from 20.1% in 2011 to 28.2% in 2021).
During this period, the City of London overtook Westminster to become the English local authority area with the highest percentage of private renting.
Private renting in the City of London increased by 12.4 percentage points
Percentage of households
by housing tenure,
| Owns outright or with a mortgage or loan | 42.3 | 36.5 | 48.3 | 45.2 | 63.3 | 61.3 | 42.3%
36.5% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shared ownership | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.3%
0.2% |
| Social rented | 16.5 | 14.9 | 24.1 | 23.1 | 17.7 | 17.1 | 16.5%
14.9% |
| Private rented | 35.9 | 48.3 | 25.1 | 30.0 | 16.8 | 20.5 | 35.9%
48.3% |
| Lives rent free | 5.0 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 5.0%
0.1% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
City of London residents' country of birth
In the latest census, around 4,000 City of London residents said they were born in England. This represented 47.1% of the local population. The figure has decreased from just under 4,300 in 2011, which at the time represented 58.1% of the City of London's population.
Non-EU European countries (other than the UK and Turkey) were the next most represented, with just over 300 City of London residents reporting one of these countries as their country of birth (3.5%). This figure was up from around 150 in 2011, which at the time represented 2.1% of the population of the City of London.
The number of City of London residents born in countries that were EU member states in 2001 (other than Ireland, France, Germany, Italy and Portugal) rose from just under 200 in 2011 (2.6% of the local population) to just under 300 in 2021 (3.4%).
In 2021, 47.1% of the City of London residents reported their country of birth as England
Percentage of usual residents
by country of birth,
| England | 58.1 | 47.1 | 61.1 | 57.7 | 83.5 | 80.3 | 58.1%
47.1% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe (other than the UK, Turkey and EU countries) | 2.1 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 2.1%
3.5% |
| 2001 EU member states (other than Ireland, France, Germany, Italy and Portugal) | 2.6 | 3.4 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 2.6%
3.4% |
| China | 1.3 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.3%
3.3% |
| United States | 2.8 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 2.8%
3.1% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
Notes:
- This chart shows the five most common countries of birth in City of London in 2021
- Please see the data dictionary for further detail on country of birth groupings
| |
More adults never married or in a civil partnership
The City of London saw England's third-largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of people aged 16 years and over who had never been married or in a civil partnership (from 50.8% in 2011 to 57.4% in 2021).
England's largest increases in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over who had never been married or in a civil partnership occurred in Salford (from 43.4% to 50.6%) followed by Lincoln (from 44.0% to 51.1%).
During this period, the City of London overtook eight local authority areas, including Nottingham and Cambridge, to become the English local authority area with the sixth-highest percentage of adults who had never been married or in a civil partnership.
These figures include same-sex marriages and opposite-sex civil partnerships in 2021, neither of which were legally recognised in England and Wales in 2011. Same-sex marriages have been legally recognised in England and Wales since 2014 and opposite-sex civil partnerships have been recognised since 2019.
The percentage of adults who had never married or registered a civil partnership in the City of London increased by 6.6 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by legal partnership status,
| Never married and never registered a civil partnership | 50.8 | 57.4 | 44.1 | 46.2 | 34.6 | 37.9 | 50.8%
57.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Married or in a registered civil partnership | 34.8 | 30.4 | 40.2 | 40.0 | 46.8 | 44.7 | 34.8%
30.4% |
| Separated, but still legally married or still legally in a civil partnership | 2.6 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.6%
2.1% |
| Divorced or civil partnership dissolved | 7.8 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 7.8%
7.0% |
| Widowed or surviving civil partnership partner | 4.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 4.0%
3.0% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Health in City of London
In 2021, 56.6% of City of London residents described their health as "very good", increasing from 55.0% in 2011. Those describing their health as "good" rose from 31.1% to 31.2%. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
The proportion of City of London residents describing their health as "very bad" decreased from 0.9% to 0.7%, while those describing their health as "bad" fell from 3.0% to 2.4%.
These data reflect people’s own opinions in describing their overall health on a five point scale, from very good to very bad.
Census 2021 was conducted during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and rated their health, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
The percentage of people in very good health in the City of London increased by 1.6 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by self-reported health,
| Very good health | 55.0 | 56.6 | 44.5 | 49.0 | 45.0 | 47.5 | 55.0%
56.6% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good health | 31.1 | 31.2 | 34.3 | 32.9 | 34.8 | 34.2 | 31.1%
31.2% |
| Fair health | 9.9 | 9.1 | 14.6 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 13.0 | 9.9%
9.1% |
| Bad health | 3.0 | 2.4 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 3.0%
2.4% |
| Very bad health | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.9%
0.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Religion in the City of London
In 2021, 43.8% of City of London residents reported having "No religion", making it the most common response in this local authority area (up from 34.2% in 2011). Because the census question about religious affiliation is voluntary and has varying response rates, caution is needed when comparing figures between different areas or between censuses.
Across London, the percentage of residents who described themselves as having "No religion" increased from 21.0% to 27.1%, while across England the percentage increased from 24.8% to 36.7%.
In 2021, 34.7% of people in the City of London described themselves as Christian (down from 45.3%), while 8.9% did not state their religion (up from 8.8% the decade before).
There are many factors that can cause changes to the religious profile of an area, such as a changing age structure or residents relocating for work or education. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses. Religious affiliation is the religion with which someone connects or identifies, rather than their beliefs or religious practice.
Read the bulletin Religion, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 43.8% of usual residents in the City of London reported having "No religion"
Percentage of usual residents
by religion,
| No religion | 34.2 | 43.8 | 21.0 | 27.1 | 24.8 | 36.7 | 34.2%
43.8% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian | 45.3 | 34.7 | 48.7 | 40.7 | 59.4 | 46.3 | 45.3%
34.7% |
| Buddhist | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.2%
1.1% |
| Hindu | 2.0 | 2.4 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.0%
2.4% |
| Jewish | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.3%
2.1% |
| Muslim | 5.5 | 6.3 | 12.6 | 15.0 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 5.5%
6.3% |
| Sikh | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.2%
0.1% |
| Other | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4%
0.6% |
| Not answered | 8.8 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 8.8%
8.9% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Unpaid care in the City of London
In 2021, 4.3% of City of London residents (aged five years and over) reported providing up to 19 hours of unpaid care each week. This figure decreased from 6.7% in 2011. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
In 2021, 1.0% of residents (aged five years and over) reported providing between 20 and 49 hours of unpaid care each week, compared with 0.8% in 2011. The proportion of the City of London residents (aged five years and over) that provided at least 50 hours of weekly unpaid care decreased from 1.1% to 1.0%.
The decrease in the proportion of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care in the City of London (2.4 percentage points) was similar to the decrease across London (2.6 percentage points, from 6.4% to 3.8%). Across England, the proportion fell by 2.8 percentage points, from 7.2% to 4.4%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and managed their provision of unpaid care, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care in the City of London decreased by 2.4 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents (aged five years and over)
by hours per week of unpaid care provision,
| Does not provide weekly unpaid care | 91.4 | 93.7 | 89.7 | 92.2 | 88.7 | 91.1 | 91.4%
93.7% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up to 19 hours of unpaid care | 6.7 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 4.4 | 6.7%
4.3% |
| 20 to 49 hours of unpaid care | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 0.8%
1.0% |
| 50 or more hours of unpaid care | 1.1 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 1.1%
1.0% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Ethnic groups in the City of London
In 2021, 16.8% of the City of London residents identified their ethnic group within the "Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh" category, up from 12.7% in 2011. The 4.1 percentage-point change was the largest increase among high-level ethnic groups in this area.
Across London, the percentage of people from the "Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh" ethnic group increased from 18.5% to 20.7%, while across England the percentage increased from 7.8% to 9.6%.
In 2021, 69.4% of people in the City of London identified their ethnic group within the "White" category (compared with 78.6% in 2011), while 5.6% identified their ethnic group within the "Other" category ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group") (compared with 2.1% the previous decade).
The percentage of people who identified their ethnic group within the "Mixed or Multiple" category increased from 3.9% in 2011 to 5.5% in 2021.
There are many factors that may be contributing to the changing ethnic composition of England and Wales, such as differing patterns of ageing, fertility, mortality, and migration. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses.
Read the bulletin Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 16.8% of usual residents in the City of London identified their ethnic group within the "Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh" category
Percentage of usual residents
by ethnic group,
| Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 12.7 | 16.8 | 18.5 | 20.7 | 7.8 | 9.6 | 12.7%
16.8% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 2.6 | 2.7 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 2.6%
2.7% |
| Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 3.9 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 3.9%
5.5% |
| White | 78.6 | 69.4 | 59.8 | 53.8 | 85.4 | 81.0 | 78.6%
69.4% |
| Other ethnic groups | 2.1 | 5.6 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 2.1%
5.6% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Disability in the City of London
The increase in the age-standardised proportion of non-disabled residents was greater in nearby Southwark (4.0 percentage points) than in the City of London (1.9 percentage points).
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
In the City of London, the proportion of non-disabled residents increased from 86.3% in 2011 to 88.2% in 2021. During the same period, the proportion in nearby Southwark increased from 78.4% to 82.4%.
The percentage of people who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot in the City of London fell from 5.6% to 3.9%, while the percentage of people who were identified as being disabled and limited a little decreased from 8.2% to 7.9%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived their health status and activity limitations, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of non-disabled residents in the City of London increased by 1.9 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by long-term health condition or illness,
| Disabled and limited a lot | 5.6 | 3.9 | 9.4 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 7.5 | 5.6%
3.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disabled and limited a little | 8.2 | 7.9 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 8.2%
7.9% |
| Not disabled | 86.3 | 88.2 | 80.8 | 84.3 | 80.7 | 82.3 | 86.3%
88.2% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
About the data
Census data are adjusted to reflect estimated non-response so that the published results relate to the entire usually resident population as it was on Census Day (21 March 2021).
Those respondents who were on furlough because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic were asked to classify themselves as "temporarily away from work" to ensure they remained in the economically active population.
Students are counted as usually resident at their term-time address even if they were not physically present there on Census Day.
The questions relating to disability differed slightly between 2011 and 2021 to ensure that data were more closely aligned with the definition of disability in the Equality Act (2010). There was also a change to question wording for unpaid care, for more information read the health, disability and unpaid care quality information.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout the health, disability and unpaid care sections. They allow for fairer comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure. The 2013 European Standard Population is used to standardise proportions.
Percentages and percentage point changes have been individually rounded to one decimal place. This means they may not sum exactly.
Tell us what you think about this publication by answering a few questions.
Download the data used in this article
xlsx (1.5 MB)About these articles
There is an article like this for every local authority district in England and Wales. The articles have been written and semi-automated by our data journalists and are a new publishing format for the Office for National Statistics.
Topics are chosen and ordered automatically based on how relevant they are for each area, however all data are checked before publishing.
We have not included topics that were new for Census 2021 or where there is no comparability with the 2011 Census. Read about how we developed and tested the questions for Census 2021.
These articles were first published on 8 December 2022 covering topics such as demography, country of birth, ethnic groups, religion, national identity and economic activity status. They were updated on 19 January 2023 following the release of more data from Census 2021 and now include housing tenure, general health, disability and unpaid care.
Related links
Supporting information | Released 2 November 2022
What topic summary data for Census 2021 will be available and how to view them.
Interactive tool | Released 8 December 2022
Use our interactive map to find out what people’s lives are like across England and Wales.
How well do you know your area?
Digital Content Article | Released 2 December 2022
Test your knowledge of where you live with our Census quiz.
Contact
census.customerservices@ons.gov.ukTelephone: +44 1329 44 4972