The population passed a quarter of a million
Between the last two censuses (held in 2011 and 2021), the population of Hackney increased by 5.2%, from around 246,300 in 2011 to around 259,100 in 2021.
The population here increased by a smaller percentage than the overall population of London (7.7%), and by a smaller percentage than the overall population of England (up 6.6% since the 2011 Census).
In 2021, Hackney was home to around 97.1 people per football pitch-sized piece of land, compared with 92.3 in 2011. This area was the third-most densely populated local authority area across England (after Tower Hamlets and Islington).
This article generally uses percentages to enable comparisons over time and between areas. The percentage point change is also used to show the difference between the 2011 and 2021 percentages.
Population growth was lower in Hackney than across London
Percentage population change, Hackney and surrounding areas, 2011 Census to Census 2021
England ▲6.6% London ▲7.7% Hackney ▲5.2%| -2 | -0.5 | 0.5 | +2 | +8 | +16% |
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Median age increased
Between the last two censuses, the average (median) age of Hackney increased by two years, from 30 to 32 years of age.
This area had the joint second-lowest average (median) age in London (alongside Newham and behind Tower Hamlets) and a lower average (median) age than England (40 years).
The median age is the age of the person in the middle of the group, meaning that one half of the group is younger than that person and the other half is older.
The number of people aged 50 to 64 years rose by just under 10,400 (an increase of 37.5%), while the number of residents between 20 and 24 years fell by around 3,100 (14.3% decrease).
The share of residents aged between 50 and 64 years increased by 3.4 percentage points between 2011 and 2021
Percentage of usual residents
by age group,
| 85 years and over | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 0.8%
0.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75 to 84 years | 2.3 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 2.3%
2.2% |
| 65 to 74 years | 3.9 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 3.9%
4.8% |
| 50 to 64 years | 11.2 | 14.7 | 14.4 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 19.4 | 11.2%
14.7% |
| 35 to 49 years | 21.9 | 22.3 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 21.3 | 19.4 | 21.9%
22.3% |
| 25 to 34 years | 26.0 | 24.5 | 19.9 | 18.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 26.0%
24.5% |
| 20 to 24 years | 8.8 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 8.8%
7.2% |
| 16 to 19 years | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.3%
4.3% |
| 10 to 15 years | 6.7 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 6.7%
7.1% |
| 5 to 9 years | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.2%
5.8% |
| 4 years and under | 7.8 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 7.8%
6.2% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Hackney stood out from other areas for housing
The percentage of households that owned their home increased in Hackney, but fell across London.
In Hackney, the percentage of households that owned their home rose from 23.8% in 2011 to 24.6% in 2021. During the same period, the regional percentage fell from 48.3% to 45.2%.
Private renting in Hackney increased from 29.0% to 32.2%, while the rate of social renting decreased from 43.7% to 40.5%.
The rate of home ownership in Hackney increased by 0.8 percentage points
Percentage of households
by housing tenure,
| Owns outright or with a mortgage or loan | 23.8 | 24.6 | 48.3 | 45.2 | 63.3 | 61.3 | 23.8%
24.6% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shared ownership | 2.3 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.3%
2.5% |
| Social rented | 43.7 | 40.5 | 24.1 | 23.1 | 17.7 | 17.1 | 43.7%
40.5% |
| Private rented | 29.0 | 32.2 | 25.1 | 30.0 | 16.8 | 20.5 | 29.0%
32.2% |
| Lives rent free | 1.2 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.2%
0.2% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Family in Hackney
The percentage of households including a couple but no children increased here, but fell across England.
In Hackney, the percentage of households including a couple without children rose from 12.5% in 2011 to 15.1% in 2021, while across England it fell from 17.6% to 16.8%. During the same period, the regional percentage increased from 13.8% to 14.2%.
The percentage of households including a couple with dependent children in Hackney increased from 13.9% to 14.5%, while the percentage of households including a couple with only non-dependent children increased from 2.8% to 3.2%.
The percentage of households including a couple without children in Hackney increased by 2.7 percentage points
Percentage of households
by household composition,
| One-person household: Aged 66 years and over (Aged 65 years and over in 2011) | 7.3 | 7.1 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 7.3%
7.1% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One-person household: Other | 27.7 | 25.9 | 22.0 | 20.1 | 17.9 | 17.3 | 27.7%
25.9% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: No children | 12.5 | 15.1 | 13.8 | 14.2 | 17.6 | 16.8 | 12.5%
15.1% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: With dependent children | 13.9 | 14.5 | 17.8 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 13.9%
14.5% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: All children non-dependent | 2.8 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 2.8%
3.2% |
| Single-family household: Lone-parent household | 14.9 | 15.5 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 14.9%
15.5% |
| Other household types | 20.9 | 18.9 | 19.1 | 18.7 | 16.1 | 16.9 | 20.9%
18.9% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
National identity in Hackney
The percentage of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK fell in this area, but rose across England.
In Hackney, the percentage that did not identify with any UK national identity fell from 23.3% in 2011 to 22.3% in 2021, while across England it rose from 8.2% to 10.0%. During the same period, the regional percentage increased from 22.4% to 22.5%.
The percentage of people who identified with a UK and non-UK national identity in Hackney increased from 3.0% to 5.1%, while the percentage of people who identified as "British only" increased from 35.2% to 60.4%.
In Census 2021, “British” was moved to the top response option and this may have influenced how people described their national identity. For further information, please see our quality report.
The percentage of people who did not identify with at least one UK national identity in Hackney decreased by 1.0 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents
by national identity,
| British only identity | 35.2 | 60.4 | 30.9 | 56.9 | 19.2 | 56.8 | 35.2%
60.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welsh only identity | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.4%
0.3% |
| Welsh and British only identity | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1%
0.2% |
| English only identity | 31.3 | 5.0 | 37.1 | 8.2 | 60.4 | 15.3 | 31.3%
5.0% |
| English and British only identity | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 9.1 | 14.3 | 5.1%
5.5% |
| Any other combination of only UK identities | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.6%
1.4% |
| Non-UK identity only | 23.3 | 22.3 | 22.4 | 22.5 | 8.2 | 10.0 | 23.3%
22.3% |
| UK identity and non-UK identity | 3.0 | 5.1 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 3.0%
5.1% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Employment in Hackney
The percentage of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were employed increased in Hackney, but fell across England.
In Hackney, the percentage who were employed rose from 58.3% in 2011 to 62.4% in 2021, while across England it fell from 56.5% to 55.7%. During the same period, the regional percentage increased from 58.6% to 59.4%.
The percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were unemployed (excluding full-time students) in Hackney fell from 6.8% to 4.7%, while the percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were retired (economically inactive) decreased from 8.7% to 7.8%.
Census 2021 took place during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a period of rapid and unparalleled change; the national lockdown, associated guidance and furlough measures will have affected the labour market and our ability to measure it.
The percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were employed (excluding full-time students) in Hackney increased by 4.0 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by economic activity status,
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): In employment | 58.3 | 62.4 | 58.6 | 59.4 | 56.5 | 55.7 | 58.3%
62.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): Unemployed | 6.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 6.8%
4.7% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: In employment | 2.7 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 2.7%
1.8% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: Unemployed | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.1%
0.7% |
| Economically inactive: Retired | 8.7 | 7.8 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 8.7%
7.8% |
| Economically inactive: Student | 8.4 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 8.4%
7.7% |
| Economically inactive: Looking after home or family | 4.8 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 4.8%
5.3% |
| Economically inactive: Long-term sick or disabled | 5.2 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 5.2%
5.0% |
| Economically inactive: Other | 4.1 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.1%
4.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
More adults worked short hours
In 2021, 10.4% of Hackney residents aged 16 years and over and in employment said they worked 15 hours or less per week. This figure increased from 8.5% in 2011.
The increase in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over and in employment who said they usually worked 15 hours or less per week in Hackney (2.0 percentage points) was similar to the increase across London (1.9 percentage points, from 8.8% to 10.7%). Across England, the percentage increased by 0.6 percentage points, from 9.7% to 10.3%.
Working hours may have been affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
The percentage of adults who worked 15 hours or less in Hackney increased by 2.0 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over and in employment
by the number of hours worked per week,
| 15 hours or less worked | 8.5 | 10.4 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 8.5%
10.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 to 30 hours worked | 19.0 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 17.4 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.0%
19.0% |
| 31 to 48 hours worked | 57.3 | 56.9 | 58.4 | 58.6 | 57.5 | 59.1 | 57.3%
56.9% |
| 49 or more hours worked | 15.2 | 13.7 | 15.9 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 15.2%
13.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Disability in Hackney
Hackney saw England's joint second-largest percentage-point fall (alongside Tower Hamlets) in the proportion of residents who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot (from 13.2% in 2011 to 9.6% in 2021). These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
England's largest decrease in the proportion of residents who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot occurred in Newham (from 13.5% to 9.1%).
Every local authority area across London saw a fall in the proportion of residents who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot, as the regional proportion fell from 9.4% to 7.1%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived their health status and activity limitations, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of people who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot in Hackney decreased by 3.6 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by long-term health condition or illness,
| Disabled and limited a lot | 13.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 7.5 | 13.2%
9.6% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disabled and limited a little | 11.1 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 11.1%
9.6% |
| Not disabled | 75.6 | 80.8 | 80.8 | 84.3 | 80.7 | 82.3 | 75.6%
80.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Health in Hackney
In 2021, 48.5% of Hackney residents described their health as "very good", increasing from 41.8% in 2011. Those describing their health as "good" fell from 30.5% to 29.5%. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
The proportion of Hackney residents describing their health as "very bad" decreased from 3.0% to 2.2%, while those describing their health as "bad" fell from 7.8% to 5.7%.
These data reflect people’s own opinions in describing their overall health on a five point scale, from very good to very bad.
Census 2021 was conducted during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and rated their health, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
The percentage of people in bad health in Hackney decreased by 2.1 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by self-reported health,
| Very good health | 41.8 | 48.5 | 44.5 | 49.0 | 45.0 | 47.5 | 41.8%
48.5% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good health | 30.5 | 29.5 | 34.3 | 32.9 | 34.8 | 34.2 | 30.5%
29.5% |
| Fair health | 16.8 | 14.1 | 14.6 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 13.0 | 16.8%
14.1% |
| Bad health | 7.8 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 7.8%
5.7% |
| Very bad health | 3.0 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 3.0%
2.2% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Hackney residents' country of birth
In the latest census, around 150,800 Hackney residents said they were born in England. This represented 58.2% of the local population. The figure has risen from just over 143,900 in 2011, which at the time represented 58.4% of Hackney's population.
Turkey was the next most represented, with just under 8,700 Hackney residents reporting this country of birth (3.3%). This figure was down from just under 9,000 in 2011, which at the time represented 3.6% of the population of Hackney.
The number of Hackney residents born in South American countries rose from just over 4,200 in 2011 (1.7% of the local population) to around 5,400 in 2021 (2.1%).
In 2021, 58.2% of Hackney residents reported their country of birth as England
Percentage of usual residents
by country of birth,
| England | 58.4 | 58.2 | 61.1 | 57.7 | 83.5 | 80.3 | 58.4%
58.2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkey | 3.6 | 3.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 3.6%
3.3% |
| South American countries | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.7%
2.1% |
| Nigeria | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 2.7%
2.0% |
| 2001 EU member states (other than Ireland, France, Germany, Italy and Portugal) | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.4%
1.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
Notes:
- This chart shows the five most common countries of birth in Hackney in 2021
- Please see the data dictionary for further detail on country of birth groupings
| |
Ethnic groups in Hackney
In 2021, 8.7% of Hackney residents identified their ethnic group within the "Other" category ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group"), up from 5.3% in 2011. The 3.3 percentage-point change was the largest increase among high-level ethnic groups in this area.
Across London, the percentage of people from the "Other ethnic groups" ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group") increased from 3.4% to 6.3%, while across England the percentage increased from 1.0% to 2.2%.
In 2021, 53.1% of people in Hackney identified their ethnic group within the "White" category (compared with 54.7% in 2011), while 21.1% identified their ethnic group within the "Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African" category (compared with 23.1% the previous decade).
The percentage of people who identified their ethnic group within the "Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh" category decreased from 10.5% in 2011 to 10.4% in 2021.
There are many factors that may be contributing to the changing ethnic composition of England and Wales, such as differing patterns of ageing, fertility, mortality, and migration. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses.
Read the bulletin Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 8.7% of usual residents in Hackney identified their ethnic group within the "Other" category ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group")
Percentage of usual residents
by ethnic group,
| Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 10.5 | 10.4 | 18.5 | 20.7 | 7.8 | 9.6 | 10.5%
10.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 23.1 | 21.1 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 23.1%
21.1% |
| Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 6.4 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 6.4%
6.7% |
| White | 54.7 | 53.1 | 59.8 | 53.8 | 85.4 | 81.0 | 54.7%
53.1% |
| Other ethnic groups | 5.3 | 8.7 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 5.3%
8.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Religion in Hackney
In 2021, 36.3% of Hackney residents reported having "No religion", making it the most common response in this local authority area (up from 28.2% in 2011). Because the census question about religious affiliation is voluntary and has varying response rates, caution is needed when comparing figures between different areas or between censuses.
Across London, the percentage of residents who described themselves as having "No religion" increased from 21.0% to 27.1%, while across England the percentage increased from 24.8% to 36.7%.
In 2021, 30.7% of people in Hackney described themselves as Christian (down from 38.6%), while 13.3% described themselves as Muslim (down from 14.1% the decade before).
There are many factors that can cause changes to the religious profile of an area, such as a changing age structure or residents relocating for work or education. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses. Religious affiliation is the religion with which someone connects or identifies, rather than their beliefs or religious practice.
Read the bulletin Religion, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 36.3% of usual residents in Hackney reported having "No religion"
Percentage of usual residents
by religion,
| No religion | 28.2 | 36.3 | 21.0 | 27.1 | 24.8 | 36.7 | 28.2%
36.3% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian | 38.6 | 30.7 | 48.7 | 40.7 | 59.4 | 46.3 | 38.6%
30.7% |
| Buddhist | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.2%
0.9% |
| Hindu | 0.6 | 0.8 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 0.6%
0.8% |
| Jewish | 6.3 | 6.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 6.3%
6.7% |
| Muslim | 14.1 | 13.3 | 12.6 | 15.0 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 14.1%
13.3% |
| Sikh | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8%
0.7% |
| Other | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.5%
1.9% |
| Not answered | 9.6 | 8.7 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 9.6%
8.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
More adults never married or in a civil partnership
Of Hackney residents aged 16 years and over, 60.2% said they had never been married or in a civil partnership in 2021, up from 57.5% in 2011.
In 2021, just over one in four people (27.2%) said they were married or in a registered civil partnership, compared with 27.4% in 2011. The percentage of adults in Hackney that had divorced or dissolved a civil partnership decreased from 7.4% to 6.9%.
This area had the country's third highest percentage of people aged 16 years and over who had never been married or in a civil partnership and the fourth lowest percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were married (or in a civil partnership). Across the country, only Lambeth (62.2%) and Islington (62.0%) had a higher percentage of people aged 16 years and over who had never been married or in a civil partnership.
These figures include same-sex marriages and opposite-sex civil partnerships in 2021, neither of which were legally recognised in England and Wales in 2011. Same-sex marriages have been legally recognised in England and Wales since 2014 and opposite-sex civil partnerships have been recognised since 2019.
The percentage of adults who had never married or registered a civil partnership in Hackney increased by 2.7 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by legal partnership status,
| Never married and never registered a civil partnership | 57.5 | 60.2 | 44.1 | 46.2 | 34.6 | 37.9 | 57.5%
60.2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Married or in a registered civil partnership | 27.4 | 27.2 | 40.2 | 40.0 | 46.8 | 44.7 | 27.4%
27.2% |
| Separated, but still legally married or still legally in a civil partnership | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 4.3%
2.9% |
| Divorced or civil partnership dissolved | 7.4 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 7.4%
6.9% |
| Widowed or surviving civil partnership partner | 3.5 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 3.5%
2.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Unpaid care in Hackney
In 2021, 3.4% of Hackney residents (aged five years and over) reported providing up to 19 hours of unpaid care each week. This figure decreased from 5.3% in 2011. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
In 2021, just under 1 in 50 people (1.9%) reported providing between 20 and 49 hours of unpaid care each week, compared with 1.6% in 2011. The proportion of Hackney residents (aged five years and over) that provided at least 50 hours of weekly unpaid care decreased from 2.5% to 2.3%.
The decrease in the proportion of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care was greater across London (2.6 percentage points, from 6.4% to 3.8%) than in Hackney (1.9 percentage points). Across England, the proportion fell by 2.8 percentage points, from 7.2% to 4.4%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and managed their provision of unpaid care, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care in Hackney decreased by 1.9 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents (aged five years and over)
by hours per week of unpaid care provision,
| Does not provide weekly unpaid care | 90.6 | 92.4 | 89.7 | 92.2 | 88.7 | 91.1 | 90.6%
92.4% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up to 19 hours of unpaid care | 5.3 | 3.4 | 6.4 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 4.4 | 5.3%
3.4% |
| 20 to 49 hours of unpaid care | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.6%
1.9% |
| 50 or more hours of unpaid care | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5%
2.3% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
About the data
Census data are adjusted to reflect estimated non-response so that the published results relate to the entire usually resident population as it was on Census Day (21 March 2021).
Those respondents who were on furlough because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic were asked to classify themselves as "temporarily away from work" to ensure they remained in the economically active population.
Students are counted as usually resident at their term-time address even if they were not physically present there on Census Day.
The questions relating to disability differed slightly between 2011 and 2021 to ensure that data were more closely aligned with the definition of disability in the Equality Act (2010). There was also a change to question wording for unpaid care, for more information read the health, disability and unpaid care quality information.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout the health, disability and unpaid care sections. They allow for fairer comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure. The 2013 European Standard Population is used to standardise proportions.
Percentages and percentage point changes have been individually rounded to one decimal place. This means they may not sum exactly.
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xlsx (1.5 MB)About these articles
There is an article like this for every local authority district in England and Wales. The articles have been written and semi-automated by our data journalists and are a new publishing format for the Office for National Statistics.
Topics are chosen and ordered automatically based on how relevant they are for each area, however all data are checked before publishing.
We have not included topics that were new for Census 2021 or where there is no comparability with the 2011 Census. Read about how we developed and tested the questions for Census 2021.
These articles were first published on 8 December 2022 covering topics such as demography, country of birth, ethnic groups, religion, national identity and economic activity status. They were updated on 19 January 2023 following the release of more data from Census 2021 and now include housing tenure, general health, disability and unpaid care.
Related links
Supporting information | Released 2 November 2022
What topic summary data for Census 2021 will be available and how to view them.
Interactive tool | Released 8 December 2022
Use our interactive map to find out what people’s lives are like across England and Wales.
How well do you know your area?
Digital Content Article | Released 2 December 2022
Test your knowledge of where you live with our Census quiz.
Contact
census.customerservices@ons.gov.ukTelephone: +44 1329 44 4972