Consumer price inflation, UK: April 2026

Price indices, percentage changes, and weights for the different measures of consumer price inflation.

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Contact:
Email Consumer Price Inflation team

Release date:
20 May 2026

Next release:
17 June 2026

1. Main points

  • The Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) rose by 3.0% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.4% in the 12 months to March.
  • On a monthly basis, CPIH rose by 0.8% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 1.2% in April 2025.
  • The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) rose by 2.8% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.3% in the 12 months to March.

  • On a monthly basis, CPI rose by 0.7% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 1.2% in April 2025.

  • Housing and household services made the largest downward contribution to the monthly change in both CPIH and CPI annual rates; an upward contribution from a large increase in motor fuel prices was counteracted by downward effects from other categories in the transport division.

  • Core CPIH (CPIH excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco) rose by 2.8% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.3% in the 12 months to March; the CPIH goods annual rate rose from 2.1% to 2.4%, while the CPIH services annual rate fell from 4.3% to 3.4%.

  • Core CPI (CPI excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco) rose by 2.5% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.1% in the 12 months to March; the CPI goods annual rate rose from 2.1% to 2.4%, while the CPI services annual rate fell from 4.5% to 3.2%.

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2. Consumer price inflation rates

The Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers’ housing costs (CPIH) rose by 3.0% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.4% in the 12 months to March (Figure 1).

On a monthly basis, CPIH rose by 0.8% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 1.2% in April 2025.

The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) rose by 2.8% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.3% in the 12 months to March.

On a monthly basis, CPI rose by 0.7% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 1.2% in April 2025.

The main drivers of the annual inflation rate for CPIH and CPI are the same where they are common to both measures. However, the owner occupiers’ housing (OOH) costs component accounts for approximately 18% of the CPIH and is the main driver for differences between the CPIH and CPI inflation rates. This makes CPIH our most comprehensive measure of inflation. We cover this in more detail in Section 4: Latest movements in CPIH inflation and provide a commentary on the CPI in Section 5: Latest movements in CPI inflation. We also cover both CPIH and CPI in Section 3: Notable movements in prices, though the figures reflect CPIH.

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3. Notable movements in prices

Figure 2 shows the contributions from the 12 divisions to the change in the annual Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) inflation rate between March and April 2026. These sum to the change in the annual rate between the latest two months from 3.4% to 3.0%.

The decrease in the rate into April 2026 reflected downward contributions from five divisions, partially offset by upward contributions from six divisions. The largest downward contribution came from housing and household services, particularly electricity and gas. This was partially offset by an upward contribution from clothing and footwear.

Housing and household services

The 12-month rate for housing and household services was 3.0% in April 2026, down from 4.3% in March. Prices rose by 0.4% in the month to April 2026, compared with 1.8% a year ago. 

The easing in the 12-month rate between March 2026 and April 2026 reflected a downward effect from electricity, where prices fell by 8.4% in April 2026 compared with a rise of 2.9% a year ago. The fall in prices came partly from changes to standard variable tariffs, where there was a change in the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) energy price cap in April 2026. Ofgem estimated that for an average household paying by direct debit for dual fuel, this equates to an annual bill of £1,641, which is a fall of £117. 

The price cap fell in part because global wholesale energy prices reduced in the 12-week assessment period used by Ofgem to calculate the April to June 2026 (Q2) price cap. The assessment period ran from 15 November 2025 to 13 February 2026, which was before the outbreak of the conflict in the Middle East. 

The price cap also fell following the implementation of the UK government April energy bill announcement. The UK government stated that it would take an average of £150 off the cost of energy bills from April 2026 by making policy changes that would result in lowering the per-unit price. 

The fall in prices also came partly from changes to fixed tariffs which were affected by the government's energy bill announcement, but not by the Ofgem price cap. 

The easing in the 12-month rate also reflected a downward effect from gas, where prices fell by 4.4% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 7.5% a year ago. Fixed and variable gas tariffs were affected by the Ofgem price cap and implementation of the government announcement in a similar way to electricity tariffs. 

There was a slight counteracting effect resulting from domestic heating oil, where prices increased by 8.5% in April 2026, compared with a fall of 7.7% a year ago. Prices for domestic heating oil are not capped in a similar way to electricity and gas prices.   

Sewerage collection costs also provided a downward effect, where prices rose by 5.8% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 25.9% a year ago. In December 2024 the Water Services Regulation Authority (Ofwat) announced that the average price increase charged by water and wastewater companies in England and Wales between 2025 and 2030 would be capped at 36%. Water and wastewater companies were allowed to frontload the price increases, resulting in larger price increases in 2025 than in 2026. 

As the Ofwat announcement also applied to water companies, water supply provided a further downward effect, where prices rose by 9.0% this year, compared with a rise of 26.4% a year ago.  

There was also a small downward effect from owner occupiers' housing (OOH) costs. These rose by 3.6% in the 12 months to April 2026, the same rate as the 12 months to March. Before this month, the rate had slowed for 14 consecutive months. Monthly OOH costs rose by 0.2% in April 2026, the same rate as a year ago.

Recreation and culture

Recreation and culture prices rose by 0.2% in the month to April 2026, compared with 1.2% a year ago. This led to a 12-month rate of 1.7% in April 2026, down from 2.8% in March.

The largest contribution to the downward effect came from package holidays. Most of the foreign holiday categories included within this category measure prices for holidays that take place during the week that index day occurs. In 2025, index day was shortly before Easter, therefore it occurred during a holiday period. In 2026, however, index day occurred over a week after Easter, so it did not occur in a holiday period. It is likely that this "Easter effect" has caused the downward effect from package holidays.  

Computer game downloads also provided a large downward effect, with prices falling by 18.1% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 21.1% a year ago.  

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Food and non-alcoholic beverage prices rose by 3.0% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 3.7% in the 12 months to March. On a monthly basis, food and non-alcoholic beverage prices were little changed in April 2026, but rose by 0.7% a year ago.

There were downward effects to the change in the annual rate from 5 of the 11 food and non-alcoholic beverages classes. These were:

  • meat, down 0.03 percentage points
  • sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectionery, down 0.03 percentage points
  • oils and fats, down 0.01 percentage points
  • coffee, tea and cocoa, down 0.01 percentage points
  • mineral waters, soft drinks and juices, down 0.01 percentage points

The downward contributions were counteracted slightly by upward effects from two classes. These were vegetables, up 0.01 percentage points, and milk, cheese and eggs, up 0.01 percentage points.

Clothing and footwear

Clothing and footwear prices rose by 0.7% in the 12 months to April 2026, compared with a fall of 0.8% in the 12 months to March (Figure 3). Monthly prices rose by 0.4% in April 2026, compared with a fall of 1.1% a year ago.

Much of the upward effect came from garments for men, women and children where prices rose by 0.5% in April 2026 compared with a fall of 1.0% a year ago. The price movement may reflect changes in the proportion of discounted prices in the datasets which saw a large rise between March and April last year but not this year.

There was also an upward effect from footwear where prices rose by 0.4% in April 2026 compared with a fall of 1.8% a year ago. The price movement may also reflect changes in the proportion of discounted prices in the datasets, which saw a large rise between March and April last year and a large fall this year.

Transport

Prices in the transport division rose overall by 4.5% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 4.7% in the 12 months to March (Figure 4). On a monthly basis, prices rose by 3.6% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 3.8% a year ago.

The largest upward effect came from motor fuels. The average price of petrol rose by 16.6 pence per litre between March and April 2026, compared with a fall of 3.0 pence per litre between March and April 2025. The average price of petrol stood at 156.8 pence per litre in April 2026, the highest price since November 2022, when it was 163.6 pence per litre because of the war in Ukraine. Motor fuel prices are collected across the month, and an average is used in constructing the indices.

Diesel prices rose by 31.3 pence per litre in April 2026, compared with a fall of 3.1 pence per litre in April 2025. The average price stood at 190.0 pence per litre in April 2026, the highest price since July 2022, when it was 197.9 pence per litre.

These movements resulted in overall motor fuel prices rising by 23.0% in the 12 months to April 2026, compared with a rise of 4.9% in the 12 months to March. The April figure was the highest annual increase recorded since September 2022.

The largest downward effect came from vehicle excise duty (VED) which rose by 3.9% in April 2026. Although VED is only generally updated once a year, in April 2025 it rose by 25.8% before it fell by 8.7% in May 2025 to reflect the April 2025 growth rate being overstated as a result of an error.

Air fares also provided a downward effect, falling by 3.3% in April 2026, compared with a rise of 27.5% a year ago. In 2025, index day fell slightly before Easter, so all flights that departed in April were during a holiday period. However, index day fell over a week after Easter in 2026, so no flights departed in a holiday period. It is likely this "Easter effect" that has caused the downward effect from air fares.

As the weight for this division increased notably between 2025 and 2026, this amplified the effect of the April 2026 monthly movement on the headline rate. This resulted in a higher-than-expected positive contribution to the change in the CPIH 12-month rate. It is for this reason, that transport prices rose at a lower rate in April 2026 than in April 2025, but the transport division provided an upward effect to the CPIH 12-month rate.

Airfare prices for flights collected three months and six months in advance of departure were collected before the outbreak of war in the Middle East on 28 February 2026. Airfare prices for flights collected one month in advance of departure were collected after the outbreak of war.

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4. Latest movements in CPIH inflation

Figure 5 shows the 12-month inflation rates for the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) series for all goods and all services, together with CPIH excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco (often referred to as core CPIH). The CPIH inflation rate is added for comparison.

The core CPIH annual inflation rate was 2.8% in April 2026, down from 3.3% in March. The rate was last lower in September 2021.

The CPIH all-goods index rose by 2.4% in the 12 months to April 2026, up from 2.1% in the 12 months to March. The largest upward contribution to the change in the annual rate came from energy (particularly motor fuels). The largest, partially offsetting, downward effect came from food, alcoholic beverages and tobacco, particularly processed food and non-alcoholic beverages.

The CPIH all-services index rose by 3.4% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 4.3% in the 12 months to March. The largest downward contribution to the change in the annual rate came from travel and transport services, particularly Vehicle Excise Duty. The largest, partially offsetting, upward effect came from communication.

Figure 6 shows the extent to which the distinct categories of goods and services have contributed to the overall annual CPIH inflation rate over the last two years. The contribution of each category to the annual rate depends on the price movement in that category and its weight, which is updated annually.

The largest positive contribution to the CPIH annual inflation rate came from housing and household services. The division has made the largest contribution for the last 22 months, starting from July 2024. However, its contribution had eased for 10 consecutive months from April 2025, until it rose between February and March 2026, before declining again in April 2026.

The contribution from food and non-alcoholic beverages was the lowest since December 2024. All divisions made a positive contribution, with the clothing and footwear, and furniture and household goods divisions changing from providing a negative contribution last month, to a positive contribution to the CPIH annual rate in April 2026.

Figure 7 shows the contributions from owner occupiers' housing (OOH) costs and Council Tax to the annual CPIH inflation rate in the context of wider housing-related costs. The Consumer Prices Index (CPI) differs from the CPIH because it does not include these two components.

The annual contribution from OOH costs continued to slow and was 0.61 percentage points in April 2026. This contribution was last lower in July 2022, when it was 0.60 percentage points. The contribution has decreased for 15 consecutive months from a recent high of 1.31 percentage points in January 2025.

The annual contribution from electricity, gas and other fuels fell from 0.13 percentage points in March 2026 to negative 0.15 percentage points in April. This was because of the change in the Ofgem price cap and lowering of the per-unit price of fixed tariffs.

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5. Latest movements in CPI inflation

While the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) is our most comprehensive measure of consumer price inflation, the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) is based on a harmonised methodology developed by Eurostat. This enables international comparisons to be drawn. It is also used to set the operational inflation target for UK monetary policy, and to uprate working-age benefits and tax credits. More information on the use cases for our consumer price inflation statistics can be found in our Measuring changing prices and costs for consumers and households: December 2023 article.

Figure 8 shows annual CPI inflation for the UK compared with the EU average and selected G7 countries. While the UK CPI is produced on a comparable basis with EU countries, the US Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) differs in some respects. More information is available in Note 1 to Figure 8.

The UK's CPI inflation rate of 2.8% was lower than the first (or "flash") estimate of inflation for Germany (2.9%) but higher than that for France (2.5%) in April 2026. This is the first month since December 2024 that the UK’s rate of inflation has been below that of Germany.

Figure 9 shows the 12-month inflation rates for the CPI all-goods and all-services series, together with CPI excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco (often referred to as core CPI). The headline CPI inflation rate is added for comparison.

The core CPI annual inflation rate was 2.5% in April 2026, down from 3.1% in March. The rate was last lower in July 2021.

The CPI all-goods index rose by 2.4% in the 12 months to April 2026, up from 2.1% in the 12 months to March.

The CPI all-services index rose by 3.2% in the 12 months to April 2026, down from 4.5% in the 12 months to March.

As with the all-items annual inflation rates, the drivers of CPIH and CPI goods and services inflation are the same (except for owner occupiers' housing (OOH) costs and Council Tax, which are excluded from CPI). The drivers are discussed in more detail in Section 4: Latest movements in CPIH inflation.

Figure 10 shows how each of the main groups of goods and services contributed to the change in the CPI annual inflation rate between March and April 2026.

The decrease in the rate into April 2026 reflected downward contributions from five divisions, partially offset by upward contributions from six divisions. The largest downward contribution came from housing and household services (particularly electricity and gas). This was partially offset by an upward contribution from clothing and footwear.

Though the sizes of the contributions differ from CPIH, the main drivers to the change are the same where they are common to both measures.

Figure 11 shows the extent to which the distinct categories of goods and services have contributed to the overall annual CPI inflation rate over the last two years.

The CPIH includes extra housing components not included in the CPI. This can sometimes result in the largest contributions to the annual CPI and CPIH inflation rates coming from different divisions. In April 2026, the largest-contributing division to CPI was transport (0.65 percentage point contribution to the CPI rate) and the largest-contributing division to CPIH was housing and household services (0.91 percentage points to the CPIH rate). OOH costs had a large upward contribution to housing and household services in CPIH, but are excluded from CPI.

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6. Data on consumer price inflation

Consumer price inflation tables
Dataset | Released 20 May 2026
Measures of monthly UK inflation data including the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH), Consumer Prices Index (CPI) and Retail Prices Index (RPI). These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Consumer price inflation time series
Dataset MM23 | Released 20 May 2026
Comprehensive database of time series covering measures of inflation data for the UK including CPIH, CPI and RPI.

Consumer price inflation detailed briefing note
Dataset | Released 20 May 2026
The consumer price inflation detailed briefing note contains details of the items contributing to the changes in the CPIH, details of any notable movements, a summary of the reconciliation of CPIH and RPI, and the outlook, which looks ahead to next month's release.

Consumer price inflation consumption segment indices and price quotes
Dataset | Released 20 May 2026
Price quote data (for locally collected data only) and consumption segment indices (that underpin consumer price inflation statistics), giving users access to the detailed data that are used in the construction of the UK's inflation figures. From publication in March 2026, this dataset no longer includes price quote data for food and non-alcoholic beverages, and alcohol and tobacco. More information is included in Section 8: Data sources and quality.

Contributions to the 12-month rate of CPI(H) by import intensity
Dataset | Released 20 May 2026
A time series of the contributions to the CPIH and CPI annual rates broken down by the import intensity of household purchases.

Consumer price inflation, historical data, UK, 1950 to 1988
Dataset | Released 18 May 2022
Data tables of historical estimates modelled for the CPIH and CPI over the period 1950 to 1988. Data in these tables are not accredited official statistics and are provided for indicative purposes only.

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7. Glossary

Annual inflation rate

The most common approach to measuring inflation is the 12-month or annual inflation rate, which compares prices for the latest month with the same month a year ago. In any given month, the annual rate is determined by the balance between upward and downward price movements across the range of goods and services included in the index.

Consumer price inflation

Consumer price inflation is the rate at which the prices of goods and services bought by households rise or fall. It is estimated by using price indices. For an overview of the range of indices available and their uses, please see our Consumer price indices, a brief guide: 2026 and our Measuring changing prices and costs for consumers and households: December 2023 article.

CPIH

The Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) is the most comprehensive measure of inflation. It extends the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) to include a measure of the costs associated with owning, maintaining and living in one's own home, known as owner occupiers' housing (OOH) costs, along with Council Tax. Both are substantial expenses for many households and are not included in the CPI.

CPI

The CPI is a measure of consumer price inflation produced to international standards, and is based on European regulations for the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices. The CPI is the inflation measure used in the government's target for inflation.

The CPI is produced at the same level of detail as the CPIH in our accompanying Consumer price inflation dataset and in our accompanying Consumer price inflation time series.

Owner occupiers' housing costs

OOH costs are the costs of housing services associated with owning, maintaining and living in one's own home.

RPI

The Retail Prices Index (RPI) and its subcomponents do not meet the required standard for designation as accredited official statistics. In recognition that the index continues to be widely used in contracts, we continue to publish the RPI, its subcomponents, and RPI excluding mortgage interest payments (RPIX). To view the all-items RPI, please see the data time series section of the Inflation and price indices area of our website. The annual RPI inflation rate was 3.0% in April 2026.

The UK Statistics Authority (The Authority) and HM Treasury launched a consultation in 2020 on The Authority's proposal to address the shortcomings of the RPI. From 2030 (at the earliest), as outlined in The Authority's response to the joint consultation on reforming the methodology of the Retail Prices Index, the CPIH methods and data sources will be introduced into the RPI. Additionally, the supplementary and lower-level indices of the RPI will be discontinued.

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8. Data sources and quality

Introducing scanner data into consumer price inflation statistics

We introduced scanner data for approximately 50% of the grocery market with the February 2026 index, published on 25 March 2026. Instead of collecting 25,000 prices per month directly from shops by price collectors, we are now using approximately 300 million price points derived from sales of over a billion units of products per month, collected directly from supermarket scanners at the checkouts or online. For the remaining 50% of the groceries market, we continue to manually collect prices in-store and online.

For comparison, we produced the all-items headline rates for February 2026 without using scanner data. Based on locally collected grocery data, the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) rose by 3.3% in the year to February 2026, and the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) rose by 3.1%. These were slightly above the official rates of 3.2% and 3.0%, respectively.

You can find more about this change and how it affects our headline measures of inflation in our Impact analysis on transformation of UK consumer price statistics: January 2026 article.

We also published our Overview of how we use scanner data in consumer price inflation statistics: January 2026 and our How multilateral index methods help us understand grocery scanner data article, which support user understanding of how we use the data.

This change was incorporated into the CPI and CPIH February 2026 datasets, and will be introduced in the Household Costs Indices (HCIs), to be published on 28 May 2026. Following the Bank of England response to the proposed changes to the Retail Prices Index (RPI) in 2026 (143.6 kB PDF), required under the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007, the change was also included in the RPI.

This followed some changes introduced with the February 2025 index in March 2025, as a necessary step towards incorporating scanner data into the consumer price indices. At that point, the process for aggregating the detailed information changed. Goods and services were allocated into "consumption segments" for different categories of expenditure.

In some cases, we defined these consumption segments to correspond to one "item" for which we track prices over time. However, in cases where more comprehensive source data were going to become available, a consumption segment was set up to include much more than just one item. There is more information on the use of consumption segments in our Introducing alternative data into consumer price statistics: aggregation and weights article. For simplicity, we continue to refer to "items" in our statistical bulletin and detailed briefing note.

Changes to published microdata

Despite the benefits of introducing scanner data into the consumer price indices, we can no longer publish the price quote data for food and non-alcoholic beverages, alcohol and tobacco (Divisions 1 and 2 of the CPIH and CPI), or the equivalent categories of RPI in our Consumer price inflation consumption segment indices and price quotes dataset. This is because of our data-sharing agreements with retailers.

Instead, we have developed new aggregate output statistics to meet the needs of users. We are publishing regional consumption segment indices and weights, and counts of indicator marker codes (for example, sales and recoveries) that are manually collected as part of the traditional data collection. We first published these from March 2026, with the release of the February 2026 indices. Further outputs will be introduced in summer 2026. More information on the new outputs is available in our Changes to the provision of microdata outputs for consumer price inflation statistics: January 2026 article.

Households and the cost of living

To assist individuals in understanding how the rise in inflation affects their expenditure, we have produced a personal inflation calculator. The calculator allows users to enter the amount they spend across either a reduced or a wide range of categories, to produce an estimate of their personal inflation based on those spending patterns.

Our Shopping prices comparison tool shows how the average prices of items have changed over time. Please note that the newly introduced consumption segments for food, drink and tobacco will not have data before 2025 in the tool. However, the historical average prices for food, drink and tobacco items, that were in the tool before the update in 2025, can be found in our Shopping prices comparison tool data download before the 2025 update.

Please also note that Table 55 in our historical Consumer price inflation dataset, which provided time series of prices for petrol and diesel, has not been published since 19 February 2025, and the two series have been discontinued. Historical average prices are still available from the time series explorer function on our website, using the four-character identifiers CZMK for petrol and CZML for diesel.

On 26 February 2026, we published our quarterly Household Costs Indices (HCIs) for UK household groups bulletin. The HCIs reflect how different types of households experience changing prices, and differ from CPIH and CPI. The CPIH and CPI are based on recognised economic principles and provide an aggregate measure of inflation for household spending in the UK.

The HCIs are official statistics in development and this release included new estimates for October to December 2025. It was not possible for this latest release to update the weights for 2025 in line with the standard methodology for consumer prices. This is because of delays in processing the underlying survey data and the need for further, ongoing quality assurance. Instead, the most recent estimates have been compiled using the weights for February to December 2024. We will update the weights as soon as the data are available to use.

Passenger transport by air

A monthly index for passenger transport by air is included in the monthly consumer price inflation dataset. From March 2025, we also began publishing a set of subindices and weights on an annual basis. Domestic, European and long-haul airfares consumer prices sub-indices and weights was updated on 25 March 2026 with data for March 2025 to February 2026, and a longer historical time series back to 2007. From March 2026, we have also started to release quarterly and annual average air fares, again on an annual basis. The analyses are released in the user requested data section of our website.

Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP)

The Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) is the classification that underpins some of the main statistics that we produce. To reflect changes in household expenditure patterns since its inception in the late 1990s, the classification was updated in 2018 (PDF, 1,286KB).

The UK currently uses the version of COICOP introduced in 1999, which was updated in 2017 to add additional detail at the sub-class level. However, we plan to have implemented the updated COICOP 2018 by 2029, as referenced in Section B4 of our Economic statistics plan and Section 5 of our Economic statistics progress report. We will also consider re-referencing the CPI as part of the move to the new classification and will provide users with full details of our plans, once finalised.

For further information, please email cpi@ons.gov.uk.

Weights for 2026 consumer price inflation statistics

In line with usual practice at the start of each year, the expenditure weights used in compiling the CPIH and CPI were calculated using updated spending information. The first update of weights was implemented with the January indices. The second update was introduced, along with the usual basket update, with the February indices released in March. We published our Consumer price inflation, updating weights: 2026 article and our Consumer price inflation basket of goods and services: 2026 article on 16 March 2026.

The 2026 weights for CPIH and CPI were calculated using national accounts household final consumption expenditure (HHFCE) data for 2024. They reflect our most comprehensive and complete estimate of the latest household spending at the time of the weights update. This is in line with our standard methodology. More information is available in our Consumer price inflation, updating weights articles.

The weights for the RPI were also updated and introduced with the February 2026 index.

Consumer price inflation historical estimates, UK, 1950 to 1988

On 18 May 2022, we published our Consumer price inflation, historical estimates, UK, 1950 to 1988 – methodology and our Consumer price inflation, historical estimates and recent trends, UK: 1950 to 2022 article. These include new estimates of CPIH and improved estimates of CPI for 1950 to 1988. These estimates (published in response to user need for a longer series) are indicative and are for analytical purposes only. They are not intended for official use and do not constitute part of the accredited official statistics series.

Previously, in December 2018, we published our Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) historical series: 1988 to 2004 article. These series are also not classed as accredited official statistics, reflecting the historical uncertainty around the backcasts.

Methodology information

The consumer price indices are based on prices collected manually from outlets around the country, information collected centrally over the internet and by phone, and, from February 2026, data collected from supermarket scanners at the checkouts or online. The traditionally sourced data used in this release were collected on or around 14 April 2026.

An overview of consumer price statistics is given in our Consumer price indices, a brief guide: 2026. The concepts and methodologies underpinning the indices in more detail are covered in our Consumer prices indices technical guidance.

Information on the users and uses of these statistics, and the characteristics of the different measures of inflation related to potential use, is included in our Users and uses of consumer price inflation statistics: July 2018 update methodology.

Strengths and limitations

In our Measuring changing prices and costs for consumers and households article, we illustrated our approach to the process using three "use cases", and described how they relate to the measures published and under development.

The three cases refer firstly to the CPIH as our lead measure of inflation, based on economic principles. They also refer to the HCIs as a set of measures that reflect the change in costs and prices experienced by different households, and the RPI as a legacy measure that is required to meet existing user needs. The issues with the RPI are described in our Shortcomings of the Retail Prices Index as a measure of inflation article.

Accredited official statistics

These accredited official statistics were independently reviewed by the Office for Statistics Regulation in July 2017. They comply with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics and should be labelled "accredited official statistics".

Revisions and correction of errors policies for consumer price inflation statistics

Our Revisions and correction of errors policies for consumer price inflation statistics are stated separately to highlight the differences between them. Within each policy, there is information on how the policy is applied, in what circumstances users will be notified and how users will be notified. This policy replaces our previous Revisions policy for consumer price inflation statistics, published in March 2017.

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10. Cite this statistical bulletin

Office for National Statistics (ONS), released 20 May 2026, ONS website, statistical bulletin, Consumer price inflation, UK: April 2026

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Contact details for this Statistical bulletin

Consumer Price Inflation team
cpi@ons.gov.uk
Telephone: +44 1633 456900, or 0808 196 1267 for recorded message